Appeal to unfreeze the DA/DR is dismissed by Delhi High Court Order

IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI

W.P.(C) 3308/2020
HITESH BHARDWAJ ….. Petitioner

Through: Dr. Pradeep Sharma with Mr. Harsh,
Advs.
versus
MINISTRY OF FINANCE, UNION OF INDIA AND ANR
….. Respondent
Through: Mr. Jasmeet Singh, CGSC.
Ms. Shobhana Takiar, ASC, GNCTD.

CORAM
HON’BLE MR. JUSTICE VIPIN SANGHI
HON’BLE MR. JUSTICE RAJNISH BHATNAGAR

O R D E R
01.06.2020

CM APPL. 11606/2020
Exemption allowed, subject to all just exceptions.
The Court fees be paid within a week.
The application stands disposed of.

W.P.(C) 3308/2020
The present writ petition has been preferred in public interest seeking following reliefs:

“a) Issue a Writ of Mandamus or any other appropriate Writ, order or direction to the Respondents to withdraw the notification issued by the Ministry of Finance, Government of India

b) Issue a Writ of Mandamus or any other appropriate Writ, order or direction to the Respondents to withdraw the endorsement against the notification, issued by the Ministry of Finance, Government of NCT of Delhi.

c) Issue a Writ of Mandamus or any other appropriate Writ, order or direction to the Respondents to defreeze and release the enhanced Dearness Allowance to the Central Government Servants and pensioners as per norms.

d) Issue a Writ of Mandamus or any other appropriate Writ, order or direction to the Respondents to defreeze and release the enhanced Dearness Allowance to the Government Servants and pensioners of GNCTD as per norms.”

The respondent no. 1/Union of India issued an Office Memorandum dated 23.04.2020 which is the cause for the petitioner’s grievance in the present writ petition. The said Office Memorandum reads as follows:

Freezing of Dearness Allowance to Central Government employees and Dearness Relief to Central Government pensioners at current rates till July 2021.

The petitioner is also aggrieved by the consequent order issued by respondent no. 2/GNCTD dated 24.04.2020, whereby the GNCTD has followed suit in terms of the Office Memorandum dated 23.04.2020 issued by respondent no. 1. The Office Memorandum dated 23.04.2020, in effect, conveys the decision of the Central Government that Dearness Allowance due to the Central Government Employees and Dearness Relief due to the Central Government Pensioners from 01.01.2020 shall not be paid. It also states that additional installment of the Dearness Allowance and Dearness Relief due from 01.07.2020 and 01.01.2021 shall also not be paid. Pertinently, Dearness Allowance and Dearness Relief at the current rates would continue to be paid. The said Office Memorandum further states that as and when the decision to release future installment of Dearness Allowance and Dearness Relief due from 01.07.2021 is taken by the Government, rates of the Dearness Allowance and Dearness Relief as effective from 01.01.2020, 01.07.2020 and 01.07.2021 will be restored prospectively, and will be subsumed in the cumulative revised rate effective from 01.07.2020. No arrears from the period 01.01.2020 till 30.06.2021 shall be paid.

The first submission of the petitioner is that Central Government Employees and Central Government Pensioners have a vested right to receive the enhanced Dearness Allowance/ Dearness Relief which has already been declared effective from 01.01.2020. The said increase was declared at 4%. The petitioner also claims that such employees and pensioners also have vested right to continue to receive enhancement in Dearness Allowance/ Dearness Relief on and from 01.07.2020 and 01.01.2021.

To examine the merit of this submission, we may refer to the All India Services (Dearness Allowance) Rules, 1972. These statutory rules have been framed by the Central Government after consultation with the Government of the States concerned in exercise of powers conferred by SubSection (1) of Section 3 of All India Services Act,1952. Rule 3 of the said Rule is relevant and which reads as follows:

“3. Regulation of dearness allowance:
Every member of the Service and every officer, whose initial pay is fixed in accordance with sub-rule (5) or sub-rule (6A) of rule 4 of the Indian Administrative Service (Pay) Rules, 1954 or sub-rule (5) of rule 4 of the Indian Police Service (Pay) Rules, 1954 or sub-rule (6) of rule 4 of the Indian Forest Service (Pay) Rules, 1968, shall be entitled to draw dearness allowance at such rates, and subject to such conditions, as may be specified by the Central Government, from time to time, in respect of the officers of Central Civil Services, Class I.”

(emphasis supplied)

From the above Rule, it would be seen that Central Government servants shall be entitled to draw Dearness Allowance “at such rates, and subject to such conditions, as may be specified by the Central Government, from time to time, in respect of officers of the Central Civil Service, ClassI”. We may notice that there is no other statutory rule brought to our notice relating to payment of Dearness Allowance or Dearness Relief and it appears that the said Rule governs the payment of Dearness Allowance and Dearness Relief to Government servants and Government Pensioners of the Union in respect of all the classes of employees.

The above rule shows that the entitlement to draw Dearness Allowance and Dearness Relief is determined by the Central Government. The same may be specified by the Central Government from time to time, subject to whatever conditions the Government may deem fit to impose.

From the above Rule, it is clear to us that, firstly, there is no statutory rule which obliges the Central Government to continue to enhance the Dearness Allowance or Dearness Relief at regular intervals i.e. to revise the same upwards from time to time. Consequently, there is no vested right in the Central Government Employees, or Central Government Pensioners to receive higher Dearness Allowance or Dearness Relief on regular intervals.
Pertinently, by the impugned Office Memorandum, the Central Government has frozen – and not withdrawn, the Dearness Allowance and Dearness Relief being paid to Central Government Employees and Central Government Pensioners at the time of issuance of the said Office Memorandum.

Also check: Appeal to unfreeze the DA by the petitioner at Delhi High Court

So far as the submission with regard to increase of 4% Dearness Allowance or Dearness Relief with effect from 01.01.2020 is concerned, the impugned Office Memorandum does not seek to take it away. All that it does is to postpone its payment till after 01.07.2021. That power, in our view, resides with the Central Government, by virtue of Rule 3 of the All India Services (Dearness Allowance) Rule, 1972, since the Central Government is empowered to take the decision to make payment of Dearness Allowance / Dearness Relief, subject to such conditions as the Central Government may specify from time to time.

The submission of learned counsel for the petitioner is that the Central Government in the impugned Office Memorandum has referred to COVID19 pandemic as the reason for its decision contained in the said Office
Memorandum. However, the impugned Office Memorandum has not been issued by the competent authority under the Disaster Management Act. We do not find merit in this submission. The provisions of the Disaster Management Act are not the only repository of the power of the Government to take action in the light of the pandemic. As noticed above,
the power to determine as to how much Dearness Allowance is to be paid, i.e. at what rates, and subject to what condition, resides with the Central Government by virtue of Rule 3 of All India Services (Dearness Allowance) Rules, 1972. Merely because the said impugned Office Memorandum makes reference to the COVID-19 pandemic, it does not follow that the only provision which the respondents could have invoked are those contained in the Disaster Management Act. The Central Government, by referring to COVID-19 pandemic in the impugned communication, has merely provided
its reasons and justification for its decision contained in the said Office Memorandum.

The next submission of the learned counsel for the petitioner is that the impugned Office Memorandum is also in violation of Article 360(4) (a)(i) of the Constitution of India. Article 360 of the Constitution of India contains the provision as to financial emergency, and it provides that if the President is satisfied that a situation has arisen whereby the financial stability of credit in India or any part of the territory thereof is threatened, he may, by a proclamation make declaration to that effect. The submission is that President of India has not declared financial emergency. The further submission is that it is only during financial emergency declared by the
President, that by virtue of Sub-Article 4(a)(i) – a provision could be made requiring reduction of salaries and allowances of all or any class of persons serving in connection with the affairs of the State. Since no financial emergency has been declared, the Office Memorandum in question could
not have been issued which is referable to Article 360(4)(a)(i) of the Constitution of India.

We find this submission to be completely misplaced. This is for the reason that Article 360(4)(a)(i) deals with a situation where the Government seeks to reduce the salary or allowance of all, or any class of persons, serving in connection with the affairs of the State. In the present case, the Office Memorandum does not seek to reduce either the salaries or allowances, which includes Dearness Allowance and Dearness Relief in respect of serving Government servants, or its pensioners. All that it does is to freeze the payment of Dearness Allowance and Dearness Relief at the
pre-existing level, and to put in abeyance any increase in Dearness Allowance and Dearness Relief till July, 2021. The said freeze does not tantamount to reduction of either salary, or allowances, of persons serving in connection with the affairs of the State.

The further submission submission of learned counsel for the petitioner is that the Office Memorandum could not have been issued by mere issuance of an office order, and the same should have been either framed as a statutory rule, or by issuing a gazette notification. We do not find any basis for this submission. We have noticed Rule 3 of the All India Services (Dearness Allowance) Rules, 1972. The said Rule does not state that the Central Government can form, or communicate, its decision with regard to entitlement to draw Dearness Allowance, subject to conditions, only by framing another rule, or by a gazette notification. There is no such requirement in law. Therefore, we do not find any merits in this submission as well.

Also check: Expected DA 2020

So far as the right to receive the increase of Dearness Allowance / Dearness Relief already declared by the Government with effect from 01.01.2020 is concerned, it falls well within the domain of the Central Government to decide as to when to disburse the said increase. There is no
obligation in law upon the Central Government to disburse the increase in Dearness Allowance/ Dearness Relief within a time bound manner. Rule 3 of All India Services (Dearness Allowance) Rules referred to above, itself empowers the Central Government to lay down the conditions subject to
which Dearness Allowance may be drawn by officers of Central Government.

For the aforesaid reasons we do not find any merit in this petition and the same is, accordingly, dismissed.

VIPIN SANGHI, J
RAJNISH BHATNAGAR, J

JUNE 01, 2020

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Appeal to unfreeze the DA by the petitioner at Delhi High Court. Court case on DA. Keeping in view the Dearness Allowance be released immediately to the employees and its pensioners

IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI CIVIL WRIT JURISDICTION

W.P. (CIVIL) No. of 2020

In the matter of A Public Interest Litigation:

N. Pradeep Sharma ….….. Petitioner

VERSUS

Ministry of Finance, Union of India and Anr. …….Respondents

SYNOPSIS:

Dearness allowance is received by government employees and pensioners to compensate for the rising inflation. By way of present Public Interest Litigation, the Petitioner is trying to draw the attention of this Hon’ble Court towards freezing of Dearness Allowance of the Govt. employees by the Ministry of Finance, Government of India and Ministry of Finance, Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi, despite of the fact that there is rising inflation and especially Delhi native have recently witnessed the hike in liquor, petrol and diesel prices and other essential commodities, which has a direct impact on common man, specially the Govt. servants and pensioners. The announcement of Govt. to freeze the Dearness Allowance against rising inflation without any financial emergency seems to be the violation of provisions of Article 360 of Constitution of India.

Also check: Appeal for review of decision Freezing of Dearness Allowance to Central Govt employees

Even otherwise, the freezing of Dearness Allowances of all or any class of
persons serving in connection with the affairs of a State, is in violation of the basic Principle of Article 21 of Constitution of India. The Article 21 of the
Constitution has a much wider meaning which includes the right to live with human dignity, right to livelihood, right to health, right to pollution free air, etc.

Right to life is fundamental to our very existence and includes all those
aspects of life which go on to make a man’s life meaningful, complete and worth living. It is further stated that right to receive salary is a property coming within the purview of Article 300A of the Constitution of India and the same can be deprived only by authority of law, the law means an Act of Parliament or an Act of Legislature. or at least a Rule having a statutory character. That even otherwise, the Disaster Management Act 2005 does not confer any power upon the Government to defer or deny salary at any time during a disaster. It is a settled preposition that deferment of salary even for a day, amounts to denial and that the right to receive salary cannot be left to an uncertain date or an uncertain event at the whims and fancies of the Government.

Also read: MACP ON PROMOTIONAL HIERARCHY – MACP Supreme Court Order – Heard & Reserved – Order dated 23 Jan 2020

Payment of salary and wages, to an employee is certainly not a matter of
bounty. It is a right vested in every individual to receive it. It is also a statutory right as it flows from the Service Rules. Right to receive salary with perks, every month, is part of the service conditions emanating from Article 309 of Constitution of India.

It has come to the knowledge of the Petitioner by way of the office
memorandum issued by Govt. of India and various e-news papers, Social media and TV news etc., regarding the hardship being faced by the various employees of Govt. of India or govt. of GNCTD that the enhanced Dearness allowance of 4% which was supposed to be given by various Govt. to its employees and its pensioners has been deferred till July 2021. The Finance Ministry decided to put on hold increment in dearness allowance (DA) for 50 lakh Central Government employees and 61 lakh pensioners till July 2021 due to the COVID-19 crisis. The Govt. of NCT of Delhi also followed the Centre order on DA and DR.

In order to meet out the present financial crisis if any, the reserve amount
(Corpus) of approximately Rs. 3800 crore from PM National Relief Fund may be utilized. The overall corpus of PMNRF since it was established in 1948, stands at Rs. 3800 crore may be utilized. Likewise if the news are to be believed barely a week after the PM announced setting up of PM CARES (Prime Minister’s Citizen Assistance & Relief in Emergency Situations) fund on 28th March 2020, donations pledged to it have crossed over Rs.6500 crore.

Suffice it to add here that notification dated 23.04.2020 and 24.04.2020 by
Union of India and Govt. of NCT of Delhi, is abused of the powers granted to
central Government under section 62 of Disaster Management Act and is in
express violation of procedure prescribed under Article 360 of Constitution of India.

Keeping in view the Dearness Allowance be released immediately to the
employees and its pensioners. The released Dearness Allowance would even give morale boost to even the Health Warriors who are protecting us from deadly disease.

Petitioner
with
Harsh K Sharma,
Advocates for Petitioner
5, Jungpura Road,
Bhogal Jungpura,
New Delhi – 110014
Contact: 9899696333
e-mail: npradeepsharma30@gmail.com

Date: 11.5.2020
Place: Delhi

The post Appeal to unfreeze the DA by the petitioner at Delhi High Court appeared first on CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES NEWS.